Loops

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Transcript

Hey there, in this lecture, we're going to learn about loops. For this, I'm gonna go back to the conditions project that we created in the conditions lecture. I'll open the object that we have here and lead all the events inside it. First of all, to show you a simple example using if I ever conditions, so allow the creative and here and here at assign variable action. I'll initialize a variable called a zero. Now I'll add a sub event.

Here I'll add the variable condition. I'll set the condition to check if a is less than 200. I'll add an assign variable action and attach it to this condition and make it so that it adds one to its value. So you can see in the overview, it says that if a is less than 200, it should add one to a, so it's gonna keep adding one to a until it reaches 200 because at that point is no longer smaller than 200 because it's equal to it. Now I'll add the draw event. I'll add the draw value actually In here, using this action, a row is value.

Now I run it, and you can see that it keeps going up until it reaches 200. So that's pretty simple and you know how it works. When the event comes to this action, it checks the condition. If it is true, it runs this action adding one to a after that it moves on. Since there aren't any actions after this, it moves on to the draw event. Direct draws the value of a, the next frame in the step event, it checks the condition again at one to a and moves on.

Then again, it draws a value of a so each frame this process repeats and you can see as value going down, and now I'll open the step event in order to place the if condition with a while loop. First of all, I'll detach this action from the condition and lead the condition itself. Now I'll search for a while here and add the while loop action here. Now we'll attach this action to the while loop. You can see there the while loop action is very similar to the Variable action. Swirl make a check whether a is less than 200.

Just like the condition before, the only thing that has changed is the flow of execution. When divert comes to this action, it checks the condition and runs this action adding one to a, but then it doesn't move on because it's a loop, it goes back to the condition and check set again. So if the condition is true, it runs the action again, then it goes back to the condition again and checks again. So this will keep on happening forever in the same frame until this condition becomes false and the loop breaks. And you know that the condition will become false when a reaches 200. So that's when the loop will break.

Only after that it moves on to the draw event and draws its value. So you're not gonna see its value go up to 200 because the value is increased to 200 only in one frame using a while loop. So I'll run it and all you see here is 200 because it happened in only one frame. Now let's learn about for loops. I'll open the door event, I'll search for here and add the for loop action here, I'll attach a drop value action to it. a for loop is basically the same as a while loop.

The only difference is that in a for loop, you have a variable to control how many times it runs. That variable here is I can be called anything. So here, that variable is initialized at a value of zero, then they have a condition here that checks if i is less than 10. And here it is i plus equals one, which means that it should add one to I. But that doesn't immediately happen. It only happens at the end of each loop.

So here's how the flow goes. When I when comes to the section, it initializes the variable in here, which is I, then it checks the condition. If it is true, it turns the actions attached to this loop. After that, it comes back to the section and adds one to I. Then it checks the condition again, and if it's true, it runs the action. Then again, it comes back as one two, I check The condition and runs reaction.

So since I is increased by one, each loop, at one point it will return and this condition will become false. So that's when the loop will break and the event will move on. So this way, we know that this action will run 10 times and in each loop the variable i have a different value. And the loop stops when I return because that makes the condition false. Now you know that each loop gets a different I value. So if you use the I value in the position of the text, it's gonna be different for each loop.

So first of all, I'm going to change the value from A to I. Then in the y position, type I multiplied by 32. So the y position where this value will be drawn with the I multiplied by 32. Now I run the game. You can see all the values of i here. The Loop stops when I return so that value is not drawn.

Now I'll go to the condition and change the value from 10 to 20 an hour run the game and you See that values up to 19 are drawn. So that's what a for loop is and we'll be using it to draw a player's health in the next lecture.

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