L10 - Virtualization with Xen

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Transcript

Welcome back friends. Finally we have these destination and a very interesting topic of virtualization. virtualization on red hat is implemented with Zen. Here in this lecture we are going to learn Zen virtualization. We will be learning virtualization what is virtualization? Understand how Zen has been implemented and learn to use few tools of Zen.

So let's start virtualization with Zen is implemented the goal of virtualization let us before understanding then we have to first understand why what is virtualization and how it is being implemented, and what is the requirement of virtualization. And most of you may have used a tool like VMware dekstop implementation, or using this software you could run different images of operating system simultaneously on a host operating system. Suppose you have a Windows or Mac or Linux environment, suppose we have a Windows environment on our system and we want to use red hat. Simply put, we have to, we don't need to format our system or make it a dual boot, we can install a VMware application on where we can provide our red hat or Ubuntu image of Kali Linux image and install them simultaneously on our system. We are running two operating system at the same time one in virtual mode one in actual mode.

So, the virtualization could be more powerful than that, it could isolate different process typically suspicious or it is also implementation of sandboxing which is running of malicious or sorry, not malicious actually suspect suspicious PCs code which is executed in the sandbox. If it is work, accord it works properly or according to us. Our solution, we will be running it in the real mode. Otherwise, you would classify it as a malicious thing. It is a way how most anti viruses work and define viruses. Let's face virtualization is a very important thing for testing and other purposes.

On the cloud, he also ami the Amazon image is implemented without them, the virtualization is being implemented with them. So what is virtualization? The goal of virtualization is usually more effective use of resources. Basically, the resources should be effectively used as much as possible by using multiple operating system on the same device and much more things. Projects may require a dedicated dedicated operating system installation, but not an entire dedicated computer. Simply put, you need a Linux as well.

Windows on the same system. But though both two devices, operating system should not necessarily be installed on different physical devices, they can be stored on the same device. virtualization has many additional advantages as well. It can greatly simplify provisioning while adding flexibility. At the same time, you can use anything or the advanced users of Zim support features including moving our live running instance of an operating system from one physical computer to another. It is very important task that is unique to them.

Such a live migration typically incurs no more than 10 millisecond delay. It is very fast. Individual virtual machines are completely separated by the hypervisor. We will learning about hypervisor that can only communicate over the network effects. waited, we have to set permissions for this. And intrusion in one domain does not affect other virtual machines.

So again, it is safe. As I've explained you about sandboxing of anti viruses. Given the browser, typical browsers, Chrome, Firefox, Safari, they implement the concept of sandboxing. This JavaScript are generally being executed on sandbox. They do not much harm on their system. Let us understand what to conserve the hypervisor and domain means.

The key concepts of Zen the hypervisor is the manager of the Zen environment. It acts as a traffic cop, or policeman, traffic officer for all virtualized operating systems, controlling and provisioning access to resources such as the storage, CPU and memory. Additionally, the hypervisor controls migration Starting stopping and pausing the virtualized operating systems, it is started by the bootloader. And there comes a domain. domain is a term for the virtual machine. hypervisor controls our various machines, which is called as domain in which a virtualized operating system executes.

In the world of Zen, our domain does not exist until it is created. Usually to start up or install a virtualized operating system. Domain zero is privileged domain that controls the hypervisor. All other domains are called as domain you receive a special term. So domain zero and domain you are two kinds of domains for them. Then there are two types of virtualizations implemented resent and the para virtualization and full virtualization.

Para virtualization is on the mode of Zen in which virtualized operating systems include support for Zen environment, as if it were a variety of x86 architecture CPU. The main advantage of this approach is high performance. virtualized operating systems are running in this mode typically incur no more than 5% performance as compared to where hardware the fire virtualization is not complete virtualization over the environment. Then there comes our full virtualization. And where then provides a complete machine simulation to run operating system which do not include the same support and extra operating system operations are needed to create the virtualized operating system into believing that it is running on the hardware we are hardware which add overhead in such the performance impact of full virtualization He's written down with para virtualization. If you want have to have a great power over that, you can go with full virtualization.

Para virtualization is not as much complete virtualization provide full support as compared to full virtualization. Additionally, this type of complete machine simulation requires hardware support as well. So for example, as opposed to a full virtualization example. Some of you may have been trying with Android app development or iOS development. I have been trying a few years back. First for installing Android Studio the software using which we have to create Android apps.

We have to simulate install an emulator or simulator on Mac. We have to install that machine in a virtual edition mode where Typically a smartphone could be complete simulated with the complete operating system running on the background, iOS or Android. And we will test our written code or the Android app on that environment first, before running in the physical device. So the installation of a BD or Android virtual device requires the vt x service of your processor either AMD or Intel to return on. So, the word vt x service in is in hardware support for this kind of virtualization. Without this support, you could not implement the full virtualization.

So this was an example. Similarly, you can do with Zen as well. The nature of the hardware consideration for requirement, the minimum requirements should be 256 to 56 MB RAM for domain or per image says GB hard hard drive for domain the processor with P support and additional considerations could be the CPU with vt the virtual virtualization technology vt x already In short, the SVM for full virtualization, as I told you before, I share these stories for live migration. Actually stories that is required will be varying by applications space on the hardest. Now, we are going to learn about preparing the domain zero, we have to install the domain zero as normal, you have to boot is then hypervisor and then start x end management domain. Then domain.

The first domain is started in Zen involvement is a specially managed domain that is, then domain zero has a special privileges to manage the hardware devices. It is also the only domain from which an administrator may send commands to the hypervisor. Installing a gym environment is as easy as installing our HCl. Not a problem you can install with domain below. It must include utilities needed to create manage and destroy domains. This will be included if you select virtualization support as part of your initial operating system or during installation when we are installing our rec LMS for the first time, you have to enable Zen or virtualization options.

You may turn it on or off anytime later, after installation without x end Raman x end or Zen demon in short, running without it being running, you cannot view or even start domain you have to started. You can Check it always with a PS or PHP command, whether it is running or not. Noted although domain zero is automatically created when it starts, the operating system running in domain zero must be configured to start Zen daemon which is easily accomplished with a CH k config command. And a very simply a background process and then executes as a background process. The virtual resources like CPU, which is being used the V CPU in short the virtual CPUs. It made not to map directly to the real CPUs.

It could be an imaginary part of RAM or other fast devices. They storage is a block device it simplifies. network devices are needed to be breached or routed to domain zero. By default map to them we are zero. Domain new configuration is defined as following new standards. It has virtual block devices, CPUs networking, and it can be configured in by going directly in the domain section of ETCS m directory.

You can also find various settings configuration in the ETCS m directory. Now you can install a new domain you with a virtual manager or V IRT manager, which is a graphical front end for managing domains or images. It provides a wizard for setting up new domains, it provides an options command line untalented for a Virtualization Manager is x m. We have to use XM command in the virtual console or Linux terminal. To access the virtual manager device the name of the domain, the Select storage type and the number of CPUs. Remember, one day domain user selection of images And which is installed within the hypervisor or domain zero, you have to first install domain zero or the hypervisor then afterward any image of the operating system or domain you, you can install multiple domain you within a domain zero or hyper vision. The select is storage type and number of CPUs you have to specify location of the installer and optionally a kickstart file.

Your domain management without them could be connected to the controlling the ways the monitoring using various command the XM command for shutdown say restore past create destroy. You can show the list of the domains number of list by attacking the command XM list. You can also select the top domain, then talk enter console, the same console. You can activate domains on both the Zen domain system We are virtualization in a script, it restarts or stopped domain you, you must link domain configuration file to etc Then auto automatically. Zen domains in a script can be used to select the domain use automatically when domain Oh zero is booted when the hypervisor restarts and domain you can be configured a particular image to be executed after an input. hypervisor is being booted.

The script also takes care of shutdown of the domain use and when domain zero is shut down. So this is what we have learned about Zen when it's not a very wide topic. The simple topic you have to remember about domain zero domain you know, hypervisor and the images, the para virtualization, the full virtualization, and so it may sound simple, but everything else That we are learning under our ETL from commands from from file system can be simulated with virtualization. So you have a separate OS running on different tools. The virtualization is also being implemented along with the containerization. Suppose you have been in the field of software engineering or in DevOps or testing, you might need to configure things like Docker Kubernetes, clusters and so on.

That runs in a virtualization environment. So, we could be using these things. There is a powerful tool, it should utilize it for a wide range of things. Keep learning and keep moving ahead. We will learning more in the coming videos.

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