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Infertility means not being able to get pregnant after at least one year of trying (or 6 months if the woman is over age 35). If a woman keeps having miscarriages, it is also called infertility. Female infertility can result from age, physical problems, hormone problems, and lifestyle or environmental factors.

Most cases of infertility in women result from problems with producing eggs. In premature ovarian failure, the ovaries stop functioning before natural menopause. In polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the ovaries may not release an egg regularly or they may not release a healthy egg.

About a third of the time, infertility is because of a problem with the woman. One third of the time, it is a problem with the man. Sometimes no cause can be found.

If you think you might be infertile, see your doctor. There are tests that may tell if you have fertility problems. When it is possible to find the cause, treatments may include medicines, surgery, or assisted reproductive technologies. Happily, many couples treated for infertility are able to have babies.

Dept. of Health and Human Services Office on Women's Health

Symptoms of Female Infertility

The following features are indicative of Female Infertility:
  • inability to get pregnant

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Common Causes of Female Infertility

The following are the most common causes of Female Infertility:
  • after age 30
  • smoking
  • sexually transmitted infections
  • body weight and eating disorders
  • chemotherapy
  • adhesions

Other Causes of Female Infertility

The following are the less common causes of Female Infertility:
  • diabetes mellitus
  • coeliac disease
  • liver or kidney disease
  • thrombophilia
  • genetic factors
  • chromosomal abnormalities
  • hypothalamic-pituitary factors
  • ovarian factors
  • tubal or peritoneal factors
  • uterine factors
  • cervical factors
  • vaginal factors

Risk Factors for Female Infertility

The following factors may increase the likelihood of Female Infertility:
  • increasing age
  • smoking
  • overweight or underweight
  • sexual history
  • alcohol use

Prevention of Female Infertility

Yes, it may be possible to prevent Female Infertility. Prevention may be possible by doing the following:
  • maintain a healthy lifestyle
  • treat or prevent existing diseases
  • donot delay parenthood

Occurrence of Female Infertility

Number of Cases

The following are the number of Female Infertility cases seen each year worldwide:
  • Very common > 10 Million cases

Common Age Group

Female Infertility most commonly occurs in the following age group:
  • Aged between 35-50 years

Common Gender

Female Infertility most commonly occurs in the following gender:
  • Female

Lab Tests and Procedures for Diagnosis of Female Infertility

The following lab tests and procedures are used to detect Female Infertility:
  • Ovulation testing: To detect the surge in luteinizing hormone that occurs before ovulation
  • Hysterosalpingography: To detect abnormalities in the uterine cavity through X-ray
  • Ovarian reserve testing: To check the quantity and quality of eggs available for ovulation
  • Other hormone testing: To measure the levels of ovulatory hormones along with pituitary and thyroid hormones
  • Imaging tests: To diagnose uterine or fallopian tube disease
  • Laparoscopy: To detect blockages, scarring, irregularities, or endometriosis of the fallopian tubes
  • Genetic testing: To find out genetic defects

Doctor for Diagnosis of Female Infertility

Patients should visit the following specialists if they have symptoms of Female Infertility:
  • Endocrinologist
  • Urologist

Complications of Female Infertility if untreated

Yes, Female Infertility causes complications if it is not treated. Below is the list of complications and problems that may arise if Female Infertility is left untreated:
  • not able to get pregnant

Procedures for Treatment of Female Infertility

The following procedures are used to treat Female Infertility:
  • Laparoscopic or hysteroscopic surgery: To remove or correct abnormalities and improve your chances of getting pregnant
  • Tubal surgeries: To remove adhesions, dilate a tube or create a new tubal opening
  • Intrauterine insemination: Improve your chances of pregnancy by placing healthy sperm inside the uterus close to the time of ovulation
  • Assisted reproductive technology: Retrieves mature eggs from a woman, fertilize them with a man's sperm then transfer embryos into the uterus after fertilization

Self-care for Female Infertility

The following self-care actions or lifestyle changes may help in the treatment or management of Female Infertility:
  • Avoid smoking: Improves your chances of having normal fertility
  • Reduce stress: Improves the infertility
  • Limit caffeine intake: Raises your chances of having normal fertility
  • Maintain normal weight: Lowers the risk of ovulation disorders

Alternative Medicine for Treatment of Female Infertility

The following alternate medicine and therapies are known to help in the treatment or management of Female Infertility:
  • Exercise moderately: Prevent ovulation disorders

Patient Support for Treatment of Female Infertility

The following actions may help Female Infertility patients:
  • Join support groups: Discuss infertility issues with your partner, close family members or friends helps in coping with the disease

Time for Treatment of Female Infertility

While time-period of treatment for each patient may vary, below is the typical time-period for Female Infertility to resolve if treated properly under an expert supervision:
  • In 6 months - 1 year

Last updated date

This page was last updated on 2/04/2019.
This page provides information for Female Infertility.
Assisted Reproductive Technology
Infertility
Male Infertility

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