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A viral infection caused by a flavivirus called yellow fever virus. It is transmitted to humans from infected mosquitoes. The signs and symptoms range from a mild febrile illness to liver damage with jaundice and hemorrhages.

Symptoms of Yellow Fever

The following features are indicative of Yellow Fever:
  • fever
  • headache
  • muscle aches, particularly in back and knees
  • sensitivity to light
  • nausea
  • vomiting, sometimes of blood
  • loss of appetite
  • dizziness
  • red eyes
  • yellowing of skin and the whites of eyes
  • abdominal pain
  • decreased urination
  • bleeding from nose
  • bleeding from mouth
  • bleeding from eyes
  • slow heart rate
  • liver failure
  • kidney failure
  • brain dysfunction
  • delirium
  • seizures

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Common Causes of Yellow Fever

The following are the most common causes of Yellow Fever:
  • caused by a virus carried by mosquitoes

Risk Factors for Yellow Fever

The following factors may increase the likelihood of Yellow Fever:
  • older people
  • people travelling to or living in South America and in sub-Saharan Africa

Prevention of Yellow Fever

Yes, it may be possible to prevent Yellow Fever. Prevention may be possible by doing the following:
  • sleep in screened housing
  • use mosquito repellents
  • wear clothing that fully covers your body
  • yellow fever vaccine at least several weeks before traveling to the endemic area

Occurrence of Yellow Fever

Number of Cases

The following are the number of Yellow Fever cases seen each year worldwide:
  • Not common between 50K - 500K cases

Common Age Group

Yellow Fever can occur at any age.

Common Gender

Yellow Fever can occur in any gender.

Lab Tests and Procedures for Diagnosis of Yellow Fever

The following lab tests and procedures are used to detect Yellow Fever:
  • Blood test: To reveal the presence of virus
  • Liver biopsy: To detect presence of viral antigens and to verify necrosis and inflammation of hepatocytes

Doctor for Diagnosis of Yellow Fever

Patients should visit the following specialists if they have symptoms of Yellow Fever:
  • General Physician

Complications of Yellow Fever if untreated

Yes, Yellow Fever causes complications if it is not treated. Below is the list of complications and problems that may arise if Yellow Fever is left untreated:
  • kidney failure
  • liver failure
  • disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
  • salivary gland infection (parotitis)
  • secondary bacterial infections
  • jaundice
  • delirium
  • can be fatal

Procedures for Treatment of Yellow Fever

The following procedures are used to treat Yellow Fever:
  • Blood products infusion: For the symptomatic treatment of severe bleeding
  • Dialysis: For the symptomatic treatment of kidney failure

Time for Treatment of Yellow Fever

While time-period of treatment for each patient may vary, below is the typical time-period for Yellow Fever to resolve if treated properly under an expert supervision:
  • Disease cannot be treated but only maintained or effects reduced

Is Yellow Fever Infectious?

Yes, Yellow Fever is known to be infectious.

Last updated date

This page was last updated on 2/04/2019.
This page provides information for Yellow Fever.

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