Diagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Infection
A high dose of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride for the treatment of sexually transmitted bacterial infection (
gonorrhea) may hide the symptoms of developing
syphilis. Perform test for syphilis after three months of treatment with Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride.
Development of Drug-Resistant Bacteria
Patients who are using Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride in absence or presence of strongly suspected bacterial infection are at an increased risk of reduction of an effect of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride.
Cloudy Appearance of Urine (Crystalluria)
Patients on treatment with Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride are at an increased risk of crystalluria. Use of high consumption of water is required in patients receiving Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride to prevent the formation of urine with less amount of water in it (highly concentrated urine).
Cytochrome P4501A2 Enzyme Activity
Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride blocks the working of cytochrome P4501A2 enzymes. This medicine may increase the levels of theophylline, methylxanthines, tizanidine, ropinirole,
caffeine, clozapine, and olanzapine in the blood.
Sensitivity to Light (Photosensitivity)
Patients on treatment with Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride are at an increased risk of
sunburn allergic reactions. This medicine may cause sunburn reactions such as the release of fluid from the wound (exudation), fluid-filled sac within the body (
vesicles), skin redness, skin
blisters, swelling due to fluid build up inside the pharynx or face, and burning sensation in the skin. Avoid direct exposure to sunlight and ultraviolet light. Discontinue the use of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride in case of severe photosensitivity reactions.
Patients with Liver Problems
Elderly patients above 55 years are at an increased risk when using this medicine. This medicine may cause injury of liver cells, life-threatening liver failure, and symptoms of
hepatitis such as severe eating disorder,
jaundice, dark urine, skin irritation, and stomach discomfort. Discontinue the use of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride immediately after an appearance of symptoms of
hepatitis.
Use of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride with Theophylline
Patients who are receiving combination therapy with theophylline are at an increased risk of severe and fatal reactions. This combination may cause a sudden loss of heart function,
seizures, and respiratory failure. It also causes
nausea,
tremor, vomiting,
palpitation and irritability in some cases. Proper monitoring of theophylline by dose adjustment is required if the combination of two drugs cannot be avoided.
Clostridium Difficile-Associated Diarrhea
Patients taking Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride are at an increased risk of developing Clostridium difficile-associated
diarrhea. This medicine may cause mild diarrhea and inflammation of colon which leads to fatal conditions. The therapy with an appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation and antibacterial treatment is required to treat Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.
Prolonged Heartbeat (QT Prolongation)
Such patients are at an increased risk of heart abnormalities when using Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride. Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride may cause abnormality in heart rate, low level of
potassium and magnesium in the blood and heart failure in elderly patients who are receiving certain medicines (class IA or III antiarrhythmics, macrolides, tricyclic
antidepressants, and antipsychotics). Avoid these medicines in patients who are receiving Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride.
Musculoskeletal Disorders
Patients less than 18 years are at an increased risk when using Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride. This medicine increases the risk of joint-related side effects (
arthropathy).
Tendinitis and Tendon Rupture
Patients with
tendinitis and rupturing of tendon are at an increased risk when using this medicine. Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride may increase the risk of
tendinitis and tendon rupture in patients of all age groups. This risk is higher in patients taking
corticosteroids, over 60 years, and who have undergone heart, kidney or lung transplant. Discontinue the use of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride immediately if the patient experiences symptoms like
pain, swelling, inflammation or rupturing of a tendon.
Nerve Damage in the Hands and Feet
Patients who are receiving Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride are at an increased risk of development of symptoms of weakness and
pain due to nerve damage in the hands and feet (peripheral neuropathy). Stop using Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride if patients experience any symptoms of peripheral neuropathy which includes pain, burning, tingling, weakness, alteration in sensations including light, touch, pain, temperature, position sense and vibratory sensation. Also, avoid Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride in patients who have a history of peripheral neuropathy.
Central Nervous System Disorders
Patients with central nervous system diseases are at an increased risk when using this medicine. Such patients are at an increased risk of brain related effects such as convulsions, increased intracranial pressure, nervousness, agitation, sleeplessness,
anxiety, nightmares, fearful and threatening thoughts (paranoia),
dizziness,
confusion,
tremors,
hallucinations, and
depression. Use this medicine only when the benefits of treatment exceed the risk of undesirable brain-related side effects in patients who are using it.
Weakness in Skeletal Muscles
Patients with skeletal muscle weakness are at an increased risk when using this medicine. Such patients are at an increased risk of fatal reactions with Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride. Avoid the use of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride in patients with previous history of this disease.
Allergic Reactions
Patients who are taking the first dose of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride are at an increased risk of developing serious and fatal allergic reactions. This medicine may cause loss of consciousness, swelling due to fluid build up inside the pharynx or face,
hives, tingling sensation,
itching, and difficulty in breathing. Severe allergic reactions to Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride may require an emergency treatment which includes airway management by the supply of oxygen.